In the days and weeks before the October 7, 2023 Hamas attack, Israel received warnings from multiple sources about growing danger from Gaza. Egyptian intelligence chief Abbas Kamel reportedly travelled to Israel on September 26 with a warning that Hamas appeared to be preparing for a major attack. Egyptian officials continued raising concerns through October 5. UAE President Mohamed bin Zayed also reportedly warned Benjamin Netanyahu about intelligence suggesting Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar was preparing a major assault. Jordanian officials separately raised concerns, while US intelligence assessments in late September and early October reflected growing concern over a possible escalation in Gaza. The warnings did not provide a precise date, target or operational blueprint for the October 7 attack. Netanyahu’s office has also denied that he personally received an Egyptian warning. But the convergence of warnings from Egypt, the UAE, Jordan, the UN and the United States has put Israel’s pre-October 7 security assessment under renewed scrutiny — particularly the assumption that Hamas was deterred and that the situation was under control.