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Our cells' membranes have many functions. They not only provide mechanical protection but also precisely control which substances enter or leave cells. If they fail to perform these tasks, disease can result. Their structure is correspondingly complex: The outer cell membrane, for example, often features bottle-shaped invaginations called caveolae. Among other functions, they protect blood vessel cells, which are frequently exposed to strong mechanical forces. In addition, caveolae serve as signaling centers that help regulate blood pressure. Cells also absorb nutrients—especially fatty acids—via caveolae.